The United States is revising its strategy toward Ukraine within the logic of simultaneous confrontation across several theaters, particularly against the backdrop of the war
The European Union must firmly закрепить its rejection of Russian energy supplies as a long-term strategic course and bring the implementation of the Versailles Declaration
The European Union needs to take military requirements into account more flexibly in the implementation of its climate policy, since under conditions of full-scale war,
Europe should abandon the illusion of full energy independence and focus on strengthening the stability of energy supply chains through a more diversified energy portfolio,
Europe needs not only to expand strategic fuel reserves and diversify supply routes, but also to maintain a certain level of its own oil and
Against the backdrop of risks around the Strait of Hormuz and the broader instability of global supplies, Europe is still only partially prepared for a
The blockade of the Strait of Hormuz has shown that Europe’s energy vulnerability is directly linked to its defence capabilities. A prolonged disruption along such
Sustainable economic and geopolitical stability is directly related to Europe’s energy independence. Claudia Kemfert, Head of the Department of Energy, Transport and Environment at the
The crisis around the Strait of Hormuz has shown that domestic oil and gas production remains an important element of Western countries’ energy security and
Europe should focus on improving the stability of the energy system by diversifying sources and developing all types of energy. Restricting certain areas, including hydrocarbons,